The 19th chapter of the book of Exodus describes this final week leading up to the Giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai. Analyzing the Torah's account, the Talmud pieces together the following chronicle of events for these six days--the 1st through the 6th of Sivan of the year 2448 from creation (1313 BCE):
Sivan 1: The Children of Israel encamp at the foot of Mount Sinai. Moses did not say anything at all to them that day, since they were exhausted from the journey.
Sivan 2: Moses ascends the Mountain and brings back the message that G‑d desires to designate the Children of Israel as His chosen people. (Sivan 2 is accordingly marked in our calendar as Yom HaMeyuchas, "The Day of Designation.")
Sivan 3: G‑d instructs Moses to fence in Mount Sinai, marking the boundaries where everyone is to stand when G‑d reveals Himself upon the mountain.
Sivan 4: The people are instructed to sanctify themselves in preparation for the giving of the Torah by suspending marital relations and immersing in a mikveh.
Sivan 5:Moses builds an altar at the foot of the mountain and seals the covenant between G‑d and Israel. The entire people proclaim, "All that G‑d commands, we shall do and we shall hear."
Sivan 6: The Giving of the Torah. G‑d reveals Himself to the entire nation and communicates the Ten Commandments.
A puzzling item in this account is the fact that on the 1st of Sivan "Moses did not say anything at all to them, since they were exhausted from the journey." From the day they departed Egypt, the people had been eagerly awaiting the most important event in their history--their receiving of the Torah from G‑d. Our sages tell us that they literally counted the days (hence our annual practice of "counting the omer" during the weeks that connect Passover to Shavuot). Does it follow that on the very day they arrived at Mount Sinai, they would do nothing at all in preparation for the great day?
At Sinai, the divine wisdom was revealed to man. Obviously, the human mind cannot attain the divine wisdom on its own---it that must be given to it by G‑d Himself. So although G‑d instructed us to study His Torah, desiring that human intellect should serve as the vehicle by which we apprehend His truth, a crucial prerequisite to Torah study is the mind's total abnegation of its ego. Only after it has voided itself of all pretension that it is capable of attaining the truth of truths on its own, can the mind become a fit vessel to receive it. In the words of the Sages, "An empty vessel can receive; a full vessel cannot receive."
So the day on which "Moses did not say anything at all to them" was an integral part of their preparations for receiving the Torah. This was the day on which they undertook the most "exhausting journey" of emptying their souls of intellectual vanity and make themselves fit receptacles of the divine truth.
